<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V posledn\u00ed dob\u011b se \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l \u010dast\u011bji setk\u00e1v\u00e1m s obez\u0159etnost\u00ed ohledn\u011b kritiky um\u011bleck\u00fdch instituc\u00ed a jejich programu. Ji\u017e n\u011bkolik osob, kter\u00e9 se kritice v\u011bnuj\u00ed, se vyj\u00e1d\u0159ilo v tom smyslu, \u017ee jsou ve sv\u00e9 ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 kritice v\u00fdstav \u010di jin\u00fdch projekt\u016f opatrn\u00ed, proto\u017ee si uv\u011bdomuj\u00ed, v jak ned\u016fstojn\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch vznikaj\u00ed a \u017ee doty\u010dn\u00ed kulturn\u00ed akt\u00e9\u0159i si nezaslou\u017e\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 bi\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed za pr\u00e1ci, kterou v takov\u00e9 situaci odv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00ed se v\u016f\u010di t\u00e9 \u010di on\u00e9 kritice vymezili s t\u00edm argumentem, \u017ee to pak vede ke snadn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu \u00fatoku na sou\u010dasn\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed, nebo dokonce to nahr\u00e1v\u00e1 t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed by podporu sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed rovnou zru\u0161ili. A v\u016fbec pro\u010d se tak bi\u010dujeme, pro\u010d se v\u00edc nechv\u00e1l\u00edme? V\u017edy\u0165 je obdivuhodn\u00e9, co dok\u00e1\u017eeme v \u010desk\u00e9 kultu\u0159e vytvo\u0159it za dan\u00fdch podm\u00ednek. M\u011b samotn\u00e9, kdy\u017e jsem se jednou vyj\u00e1d\u0159ila kriticky o p\u0159\u00edstupnosti jedn\u00e9 v\u00fdstavy, doty\u010dn\u00e1 kur\u00e1torka nam\u00edtla, \u017ee je tato kritika nef\u00e9r, \u017ee podm\u00ednky prost\u011b byly velmi mizern\u00e9, jak si jist\u011b dok\u00e1\u017eu p\u0159edstavit, a \u017ee bych s n\u00ed m\u011bla b\u00fdt naopak solid\u00e1rn\u00ed a doty\u010dnou kritiku neventilovat ve\u0159ejn\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
R\u00e1da o um\u011bn\u00ed uva\u017euji jako o soci\u00e1ln\u00ed infrastruktu\u0159e. V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se nach\u00e1z\u00edme uprost\u0159ed krize takov\u00fdch soci\u00e1ln\u00edch infrastruktur. Zku\u0161enost s nimi, alespo\u0148 u n\u00e1s, v Z\u00e1padn\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b, je \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l v\u00edc frustruj\u00edc\u00ed. Nach\u00e1z\u00edme se v za\u010darovan\u00e9m kruhu, kdy spole\u010dnost neinvestuje do infrastruktur, ty proto nefunguj\u00ed, lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed v nich pracuj\u00ed, jsou vyho\u0159el\u00ed a nedok\u00e1\u017eou poskytovat takov\u00e9 slu\u017eby, kter\u00e9 se od nich o\u010dek\u00e1vaj\u00ed. Lid\u00e9 pak infrastruktur\u00e1m ned\u016fv\u011b\u0159uj\u00ed, nev\u00ed, pro\u010d by do nich m\u011bli odv\u00e1d\u011bt sv\u00e9 pen\u00edze, odvracej\u00ed se od nich a pova\u017euj\u00ed je za \u010dernou d\u00edru, kde pen\u00edze akor\u00e1t tak miz\u00ed. \u010c\u00edm m\u00ed\u0148 se do infrastruktur investuje a \u010d\u00edm m\u00e9n\u011b jsou finan\u010dn\u011b a person\u00e1ln\u011b a jinak podporov\u00e1ny, t\u00edm v\u00edce se od nich lid\u00e9 odvracej\u00ed a stav\u00ed se proti tomu, abychom se o n\u011b jako spole\u010dnost jakkoliv starali. A\u0165 jede ka\u017ed\u00fd s\u00e1m na sebe, a\u0165 se star\u00e1 ka\u017ed\u00fd s\u00e1m o sebe, co\u017e je perverzn\u00ed mor\u00e1lka, kter\u00e1 nikdy nikomu nic nep\u0159inesla. Za sv\u016fj \u00fapadek a nefunk\u010dnost pak spole\u010dnost vin\u00ed ty slab\u0161\u00ed, ty jin\u00e9, ty, kte\u0159\u00ed se nem\u016f\u017eou nebo neum\u00ed tak br\u00e1nit. Krize infrastruktur nakonec nevyhnuteln\u011b vede k fa\u0161ismu. Nen\u00ed n\u00e1hodou, \u017ee pr\u00e1v\u011b po druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce traumatizovan\u00ed p\u0159e\u017eiv\u0161\u00ed na Z\u00e1pad\u011b v\u011bnovali tolik budov\u00e1n\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch infrastruktur, a to snad v cel\u00e9 Evrop\u011b. Vid\u011bli v tom obranu proti opakov\u00e1n\u00ed historie. \u0160koda, \u017ee jsme tuto lekci u\u017e d\u00e1vno p\u0159estali br\u00e1t v\u00e1\u017en\u011b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Jak\u00fd m\u00e1 ale smysl u\u017e tak nefunguj\u00edc\u00ed infrastruktury z pozice \u201eexpert\u016f\u201c kritizovat? Nem\u011bli bychom je naopak za ka\u017edou cenu h\u00e1jit? Nakonec lid\u00e9 v nich d\u0159ou za mal\u00e9 pen\u00edze, sna\u017e\u00ed se v ned\u016fstojn\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch plnit o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, plnit sv\u00e9 posl\u00e1n\u00ed, nebo\u0165 pr\u00e1v\u011b tak \u010dasto o sv\u00e9 pr\u00e1ci uva\u017euj\u00ed. Jsou unaven\u00ed a vyho\u0159el\u00ed. A pak p\u0159ijde kritik a jejich pr\u00e1ci je\u0161t\u011b nav\u00edc zkritizuje. Z\u00e1m\u011brn\u011b nep\u00ed\u0161u konkr\u00e9tn\u011b o um\u011bn\u00ed, proto\u017ee se to net\u00fdk\u00e1 jen um\u011bn\u00ed. M\u00e1me nad\u00e1vat na l\u00e9ka\u0159e \u010di l\u00e9ka\u0159ky a sestry, \u017ee se k n\u00e1m nechovaj\u00ed dostate\u010dn\u011b citliv\u011b, pokud o\u0161et\u0159uj\u00ed pacienty jako na b\u011b\u017e\u00edc\u00edm p\u00e1se? M\u00e1me nad\u00e1vat na u\u010ditele a u\u010ditelky, \u017ee se dostate\u010dn\u011b nev\u011bnuj\u00ed na\u0161im d\u011btem, kdy\u017e jim spole\u010dnost nen\u00ed schopn\u00e1 zajistit adekv\u00e1tn\u00ed podm\u00ednky k pr\u00e1ci, \u017ee kucha\u0159ky a kucha\u0159i neva\u0159\u00ed kvalitn\u00ed j\u00eddla ve \u0161koln\u00edch j\u00eddeln\u00e1ch, kdy\u017e jim neplat\u00edme ani minim\u00e1ln\u00ed mzdu? Atd atd. Stejnou logiku ale m\u016f\u017eeme aplikovat i na sv\u011bt um\u011bn\u00ed. M\u00e1me my kritici a kriti\u010dky kritizovat podplacen\u00e9 kur\u00e1tory a um\u011blce v muze\u00edch a galeri\u00edch, \u010di na nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159ehl\u00eddk\u00e1ch, pokud na svoji pr\u00e1ci nemaj\u00ed \u010das, pen\u00edze, zdroje, podm\u00ednky?<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Probl\u00e9m ale je, \u017ee opatrn\u00e1 \u010di \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 kritika nijak na\u0161e probl\u00e9my nevy\u0159e\u0161\u00ed. Tvoje ticho t\u011b neochr\u00e1n\u00ed, jak p\u00ed\u0161e Audre Lorde. Nevy\u0159e\u0161\u00ed podfinancovanost ani \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd jin\u00fd nedostatek zdroj\u016f. Ticho a ml\u010den\u00ed je v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00edm fa\u0161ist\u016f, zato otev\u0159en\u00e1 diskuse vede k v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed rozmanitosti, hlub\u0161\u00edmu sebepozn\u00e1n\u00ed, reflexi a hled\u00e1n\u00ed nov\u00fdch cest, posiluje zdrav\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vztahy, k nim\u017e konflikt a nesouhlas pat\u0159\u00ed, posiluje odolnost, p\u0159izp\u016fsobivost prom\u011bnliv\u00fdm a nep\u0159\u00edzniv\u00fdm podm\u00ednk\u00e1m, podporuje zodpov\u011bdnost, rozmno\u017euje \u00fahly pohledu, kultivuje strategie \u010di hled\u00e1n\u00ed jin\u00fdch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed a t\u00e9mat. Nemluv\u00edm tu o kritice, kter\u00e1 jen \u00fato\u010d\u00ed a je sama sv\u00fdm vlastn\u00edm c\u00edlem, nemluv\u00edm tu o halek\u00e1n\u00ed na soci\u00e1ln\u00edch s\u00edt\u00edch. Mluv\u00edm tu o kritice jako promy\u0161len\u00e9 zp\u011btn\u00e9 vazb\u011b. V\u0161ichni m\u00e1me ego, kter\u00e9 zapl\u00e1\u010de, kdy\u017e n\u00e1m n\u011bkdo vytkne to \u010di ono a my do toho p\u0159ece vlo\u017eili tolik. M\u00e1me to zapot\u0159eb\u00ed? Jen\u017ee jak se m\u016f\u017eeme posouvat, vyv\u00edjet, reagovat? Kultura je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm dialog, utv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed se v dialogu, v diskus\u00edch, nesouhlasu, n\u00e1mitk\u00e1ch, upozorn\u011bn\u00ed. U m\u00e9 sedmilet\u00e9 dcery ve t\u0159\u00edd\u011b je na n\u00e1st\u011bnce vyv\u011b\u0161en\u00e9 ti\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdm p\u00edsmem napsan\u00e9 slovo CHYBA a u n\u00ed je deset d\u016fvod\u016f, pro\u010d je chyba p\u0159\u00edtelem a nikoliv nep\u0159\u00edtelem. Asi by se sou\u010dasn\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed m\u011blo u\u010dit od sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho \u0161kolstv\u00ed. Kritikou rosteme a p\u0159ich\u00e1z\u00edme na v\u011bci, kter\u00e9 by n\u00e1s jinak ani nenapadly. Na\u0161imi chybami roste a vyv\u00edj\u00ed se cel\u00fd obor. Mo\u017en\u00e1 jsme chv\u00edli frustrov\u00e1n\u00ed, ale pak to n\u00e1s i dal\u0161\u00ed donut\u00ed p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let, o tom, co a pro\u010d d\u011bl\u00e1me, a jak. Kritika je dar, kter\u00fd d\u00e1v\u00e1me druh\u00fdm. V\u011bnujeme \u010das tomu, abychom se zamysleli nad jejich prac\u00ed. Sd\u00edl\u00edme s nimi n\u00e1\u0161 \u00fahel pohledu, z n\u011bho\u017e si mohou n\u011bco vz\u00edt. Tak bychom nad n\u00ed m\u011bli uva\u017eovat. Jsem proto zast\u00e1nkyn\u00ed z\u00e1sady otev\u0159enosti p\u0159i vyjad\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed na\u0161ich skute\u010dn\u00fdch n\u00e1zor\u016f. Kritika by m\u011bla b\u00fdt neboj\u00e1cn\u00e1 a jasn\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00edm fa\u0161ismu je kultura, kter\u00e1 se vyh\u00fdb\u00e1 kritice, nesn\u00e1\u0161\u00ed ji, odm\u00edt\u00e1 ji. Opatrnost v\u016f\u010di kritice, a\u0165 u\u017e z d\u016fvodu obavy z negativn\u00edch dopad\u016f na jednotlivce nebo instituce, n\u00e1s toti\u017e paradoxn\u011b m\u016f\u017ee dostat do situace, kdy se probl\u00e9my ignoruj\u00ed, prohlubuj\u00ed a spole\u010dnost \u010di my sami si jich ani nejsme v\u011bdomi. Otev\u0159en\u00e1 a konstruktivn\u00ed kritika vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed prostor pro reflexi a diskusi, co\u017e jsou kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 aspekty pro rozvoj um\u011bn\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00edch oblast\u00ed lidsk\u00e9 \u010dinnosti. M\u00edsto abychom se b\u00e1li kritizovat, bychom m\u011bli podporovat prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kde je mo\u017en\u00e9 vyjad\u0159ovat n\u00e1zory a podn\u011bty, kter\u00e9 bychom se m\u011bli u\u010dit p\u0159ij\u00edmat, co\u017e vede k pos\u00edlen\u00ed a odolnosti soci\u00e1ln\u00edch infrastruktur a osob, kte\u0159\u00ed v nich p\u016fsob\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ve sv\u011bt\u011b, kde \u010del\u00edme tolika v\u00fdzv\u00e1m, je z\u00e1sadn\u00ed, abychom se nevzd\u00e1vali dialogu. Pouze t\u00edm, \u017ee se postav\u00edme za otev\u0159enou debatu a kritick\u00e9 my\u0161len\u00ed, m\u016f\u017eeme p\u0159edej\u00edt stagnaci. Kritika, je-li vedena s respektem a c\u00edlem dos\u00e1hnout zlep\u0161en\u00ed, nen\u00ed \u00fatokem, ale d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdm n\u00e1strojem pro budov\u00e1n\u00ed siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a odoln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed komunity. Jen t\u00edmto zp\u016fsobem m\u016f\u017eeme spole\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ekon\u00e1vat p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky, kter\u00e9 n\u00e1s a \u010deskou kulturu bezpochyby v bl\u00edzk\u00e9 budoucnosti \u010dekaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Tereza Stejskalov\u00e1 je \u0159editelkou tranzit.cz a spoluzakladatelkou bien\u00e1le Ve v\u011bci um\u011bn\u00ed. Spolupracovala na mnoha v\u00fdstav\u00e1ch a projektech v Evrop\u011b, USA, Asii. Je editorkou \u0159ady publikac\u00ed, p\u0159ekladatelkou a autorkou kn\u00ed\u017eky Smrt um\u011blce. A\u0165 \u017eij\u00ed pomocnice! (tranzit 2024).<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" V posledn\u00ed dob\u011b se \u010d\u00edm d\u00e1l \u010dast\u011bji setk\u00e1v\u00e1m s obez\u0159etnost\u00ed ohledn\u011b kritiky um\u011bleck\u00fdch instituc\u00ed a jejich programu. Ji\u017e n\u011bkolik osob, kter\u00e9 se kritice v\u011bnuj\u00ed, se vyj\u00e1d\u0159ilo v tom smyslu, \u017ee jsou ve sv\u00e9 ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 kritice v\u00fdstav \u010di jin\u00fdch projekt\u016f opatrn\u00ed, proto\u017ee si uv\u011bdomuj\u00ed, v jak ned\u016fstojn\u00fdch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch vznikaj\u00ed a \u017ee doty\u010dn\u00ed kulturn\u00ed akt\u00e9\u0159i si nezaslou\u017e\u00ed je\u0161t\u011b ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 bi\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed za pr\u00e1ci, kterou v takov\u00e9 situaci odv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00ed se v\u016f\u010di t\u00e9 \u010di on\u00e9 kritice vymezili s t\u00edm argumentem, \u017ee to pak vede ke snadn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu \u00fatoku na sou\u010dasn\u00e9 um\u011bn\u00ed, nebo dokonce to nahr\u00e1v\u00e1 t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed by podporu sou\u010dasn\u00e9ho um\u011bn\u00ed rovnou zru\u0161ili. A v\u016fbec \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":497,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-619","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cenavj.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/619","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cenavj.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cenavj.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cenavj.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cenavj.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=619"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.cenavj.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/619\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":632,"href":"https:\/\/www.cenavj.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/619\/revisions\/632"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cenavj.cz\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/497"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cenavj.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=619"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cenavj.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=619"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cenavj.cz\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=619"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}